KLM Royal Dutch Airlines - Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij

Boeing 737-400

At 16:46 KLM Flight 1673 departed Amsterdam for Barcelona. Upon rotation from runway 18L the aircraft suffered a bird strike. A bird collided with the nose gear. The gear was retracted normally and there was no abnormal indication in the cockpit. The crew reported the impact to the ATC and the flight to Barcelona continued normally. The aircraft touched down on Barcelona's runway 25R. After touchdown of the nose landing gear, the aircraft started deviating to the left of the runway centreline. The veering to the left continued and the aircraft left the paved surface of the runway and went through an area of soft sand where some construction works were being carried out. The nose landing gear leg collapsed rearwards and the left main landing gear leg detached from its fittings shortly before the aircraft came to a stop close to the edge of a rain drainage canal. The final position of the aircraft was at a longitudinal distance of approximately 1606 m from runway 25R threshold, and at a lateral distance of approximately 84 m from the runway centreline.

Boeing 747-200

The KLM Boeing 747, registration PH-BUF, took off from Schipol Airport (Amsterdam) at 0900 hours on 27 March 1977, en route to Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. This flight was part of the Charter Series KL4805/4806 Amsterdam-Las Palmas (Canary Islands) - Amsterdam operated by KLM on behalf of the Holland International Travel Group (H.I.N.T.), Rijswijk-Z.H. The Boeing 747 registration N736PA, flight number 1736, left Los Angeles International Airport, California, United States, on 26 March 1977, local date, at 0129Z hours, arriving at John F. Kennedy International Airport at 0617Z hours. After the aeroplane was refuelled and a crew change effected, it took off for Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain) at 0742Z. While the aeroplanes were en route to Las Palmas, a bomb exploded in the airport passenger terminal. On account of this incident and of a warning regarding a possible second bomb, the airport was closed. Therefore, KLM 4805 was diverted to Los Rodeos (Tenerife) Airport, arriving at 1338Z on 27 March 1977. For the same reason, PAA1736 proceeded to the same airport, which was its alternate, landing at 1415. At first the KLM passengers were not allowed to leave the aeroplane, but after about twenty minutes they were all transported to the terminal building by bus. On alighting from the bus, they received cards identifying them as passengers in transit on Flight KL 4805. Later, all the passengers boarded KLM 4805 expect the H.I.N.T. Company guide, who remained in Tenerife. When Las Palmas Airport was opened to traffic once more, the PAA 1736 crew prepared to proceed to Las Palmas, which was the flight's planned destination. When they attempted to taxi on the taxiway leading to runway 12, where they had been parked with four other aeroplanes on account of the congestion caused by the number of flights diverted to Tenerife, they discovered that it was blocked by KLM Boeing 747, Flight 4805, which was located between PAA 1736 and the entrance to the active runway. The first officer and the flight engineer left the aeroplane and measured the clearance left by the KLM aircraft, reaching the conclusion that it was insufficient to allow PAA 1736 to pass by, obliging them to writ until the former had started to taxi. The passengers of PAA 1736 did not leave the aeroplane during the whole time that it remained in the airport. KLM 4805 called the tower at 1656 requesting permission to taxi. It was authorized to do so and at 1658 requested to backtrack on runway 12 for take-off on runway 30. The tower controller first cleared the KLM flight to taxi to the holding position for runway 30 by taxiing down the main runway and leaving it by the (third) taxiway to its left. KLM 4805 acknowledged receipt of this message from the tower, stating that it was at that moment taxiing on the runway, which it would leave by the first taxiway in order to proceed to the approach end of runway 30. The tower controller immediately issued an amended clearance, instructing it to continue to taxi to the end of the runway, where it should proceed to backtrack. The KLM flight confirmed that it had received the message, that it would backtrack, and that it was taxiing down tile main runway. The tower signalled its approval, whereupon KLM 4805 immediately asked the tower again if what they had asked it to do was to turn left on taxiway one. The tower replied in the negative and repeated that it should continue on to the end of the runway and there backtrack. Finally, at 1659, KLM 4805 replied, "O.K., sir." At 1702, the PAA aeroplane called the tower to request confirmation that it should taxi down the runway. The tower controller confirmed this, also adding that they should leave the runway by the third taxiway to their left. At 1703:00, in reply to the tower controller's query to KLM 4805 as to how many runway exits they had passed, the latter confirmed that at that moment they were passing by taxiway C4. The tower controller told KLM 4805, "O.K., at the end of the runway make one eighty and report ready for ATC clearance ." In response to a query from KLM 4805, the tower controller advised both aeroplanes - KLM 4805 and PAA 1736 - that the runway centre line lights were out of service. The controller also reiterated to PAA 1736 that they were to leave the main runway via the third taxiway to their left and that they should report leaving the runway. At the times indicated, the following conversations took place between the tower and the KLM 4805 and PAA 1736 aeroplanes. Times taken from KLM CVR. 1705:44.6 KLM 4805: The KLM four eight zero five is now ready for take-off and we are waiting for our ATC clearance. (1705:50.77). 1705:53.41 Tower: KLM eight seven zero five you are cleared to the Papa Beacon, climb to and maintain flight level nine zero, right turn after take-off, proceed with heading four zero until intercepting the three two five radial from Las Palmas VOR. (1706 :08.09). 1706:09.61 KLM 4805: Ah - Roger, sir, we are cleared to the Papa Beacon, flight level nine zero until intercepting the three two five. We are now (at take-off). (1706:17.79). 1706:18.19 Tower : O.K..... Stand by for take-off, I will call you. (1706: 21.79). Note: A squeal starts at: 1706:19.39 The squeal ends at: 1706:22.06 1706:21.92 PAA 1736: Clipper one seven three six. (1706 : 23.39). 1706:25.47 Tower: Ah - Papa Alpha one seven three six report the runway clear. (1706: 28.89). 1706:29.59 PAA 1736: O.K., will report when we're clear. (1706:30.69). 1706:31.69 Tower: Thank you. Subsequently, KLM 4805, which had released its brakes to start take-off run 20 seconds before this communication took place, collided with the PAA aeroplane. The control tower received no further communications from PAA 1736, nor from KLM 4805. There were no eyewitnesses to the collision. All 248 occupants on board the KLM 747 were killed. Among the 396 people on board the Pan Am 747, 335 were killed (among them nine crew members) and 61 others were injured.

Lockheed L-188 Electra

The approach to Cairo-Intl Airport was completed by night. On final, the four engine aircraft struck a hill and crashed 4 km short of runway 34 threshold. Three crew members and 17 passengers were killed while 16 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed. Following a crew error, the aircraft was below the glide.

Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation

While cruising at an altitude of 4,000 meters by night, the crew contacted ATC to report his position and all was ok on board. About ten minutes later, the airplane disappeared from radar screens and crashed into the Atlantic Ocean about 180 km northwest of the Irish coast. SAR operations were dispatched on the scene and several debris and bodies were found in the early morning. All operations were suspended after few days and all 99 occupants were considered as deceased.

Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation

On 16 July at 0332 hours local time (15 July - 1802 hours GMT) the aircraft took off from Mokmer aerodrome on the Island of Biak, on a scheduled transport flight to Manila. It carried nine crew members and fifty-nine passengers. A few minutes after take-off the pilot asked the operator in the control tower to keep the runway lights on. Shortly thereafter he requested permission to make a "low run" over the aerodrome. Both requests were granted, In the meantime, the aircraft had made a turn to the right and a turn to the left and was flying in a westerly direction back towards the aerodrome. During this approach the aircraft lost altitude gradually and at 0336 local time it crashed into the sea one kilometer from the shore. It burst into flames, broke apart and sank immediately. Eleven passengers and one stewardess were rescued.The stewardess and one of the surviving passengers died later in hospital.

Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation

After a night takeoff from runway 32 at Shannon Airport, the four engine aircraft christened 'Triton' climbed to a maximum height of 260 feet and reached the speed of 155 knots when it went into a slight nose down attitude. It then started to descend until it crashed into the Shannon Estuary, about 8,170 feet from the departure end of runway 32. The crashed occurred approximately 35 seconds after liftoff. 28 occupants were killed while 28 others were rescued. The aircraft was destroyed.

Douglas DC-6

While approaching Amsterdam-Schiphol Airport after an uneventful flight from New York via Shannon, the crew received the permission to descend to 5,500 feet and then 4,500 feet and 3,500 feet respectively. At 1130LT, the four engine aircraft christened 'Willem Bontekoe' disappeared from the radar screens after it crashed into the sea. About five minutes after the disappearance, ATC cleared the crew to descend to 2,500 feet but did not receive any feedback. SAR operations were hampered by poor weather conditions and first debris were found at 1610LT about 37 km northwest of Ijmuiden. None of the 21 occupants survived the crash and less than 50% of the aircraft was recovered.

Convair CV-240

After a run of 700 meters on runway 05, the captain started to rotate. During the initial climb, at a height of approximately 50 to 60 feet and at a speed of 233 km/h, the pilot-in-command retracted the flaps when the aircraft lost height and stalled. The pilot closed the throttles and belly landed the airplane on the remaining runway. The aircraft slid for 200 meters, overran, crossed a road where it struck two standing girls before coming to rest near a drainage ditch, broken in two. All 34 occupants were evacuated safely while two girls aged 16 and 4 were killed. The aircraft was destroyed.

Lockheed L-749 Constellation

En route to Bangkok, about 450 km from the intended destination, the crew informed ATC about vibrations coming from the engine number three. The flight was continued uneventfully until the descent was started. On final approach to runway 21, a propeller blade detached from the engine number three that caught fire and suffered severe vibrations. On touchdown, the right main gear collapsed and the airplane skidded for several yards before coming to rest in flames. All 44 occupants were evacuated safely before the aircraft christened 'Venlo' was destroyed by fire.

Douglas DC-6

The descent to Frankfurt was started in poor weather conditions with light rain, overcast at 1,500 feet and few clouds at 300 feet. The crew informed ATC about his position vertical of Staden beacon at 4,000 feet and few minutes later over Offenbach at an altitude of 2,500 feet. For unknown reason, the four engine aircraft christened 'Koningin Juliana' was too low, hit tree tops and crashed in flames in a dense wooded area located about 7 km northeast of the airport. A passenger and a crew member were seriously injured while 45 other occupants were killed.

Douglas C-47 Skytrain (DC-3)

The aircraft left Amsterdam-Schiphol Airport at 0525LT on a cargo flight to London. Fourteen minutes later, it went out of control and dove into the North Sea, about 66 km west of the Dutch coast. All seven crew members were killed. According to the testimony of a Danish boat's captain, an engine was on fire when the aircraft came down.

Lockheed L-749 Constellation

The crew encountered poor weather conditions and low visibility while on approach to Bombay-Santa Cruz Airport. On final, the four engine aircraft christened 'Franeker' was too low and hit the slope of the Ghatkopar hill (240 meters high) located about 5 km from the runway 23 threshold. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all 45 occupants were killed, among them 13 American journalists. Crew: Arnoldus Marcelis (Chris) van de Vaart, captain, Cornelis L. van Kooy, pilot, Pieter Zeeman, pilot, Johannes Hoogland, radio operator, Pieter den Daas, radio operator, Heinrich Fronczek, flight engineer, Jacob Willem Dalman, flight engineer, Jacobus Verhaagen, steward, Carola Graf, stewardess, Janny Bruce, steward.

Lockheed L-749 Constellation

The four engine aircraft christened 'Roermond' left Cairo Airport at 0508LT bound for Amsterdam with an ETA at 1445LT. While cruising along the east Italian coast at an altitude of 5,000 meters, the airplane went out of control and entered into a dive. During the near vertical descent, the tail broke off, the aircraft came upside down and eventually crashed into the Adriatic Sea, some 1,5 to 2 km off shore, near Bari. The wreckage sank by 35 meters deep and only few debris were found. All 33 occupants were killed. Crew: Johan Cornelis (Hans) Plesman, pilot (son of Albert Plesman, Director of KLM), Jacobus Tuyt, pilot, Jan van Kuyk, pilot, Albert George Modard, pilot, Leendert Post, radio operator, Jacques Marinus Willem Hout, radio operator, Dirk Martinus Grandia, flight engineer, Johan Albert van der Meer, flight engineer, Pieter Jelles Overbeek, steward, Cornelia Antoinette Timmermans, stewardess, Jan Hendrik Ross, cooker.

Lockheed L-049 Constellation

The descent to Prestwick Airport was completed by night. On final approach to runway 32, the captain encountered strong winds and decided to start a go around and to follow a holding pattern. He later obtained the permission to start an approach to runway 26. On final, the four engine aircraft christened 'Nijmegen' went into few patches of fog when the pilot said on the frequency: 'we hit something, try to get height'. Shortly later, the aircraft crashed in flames in a field located 5 km short of the runway threshold. A passenger was seriously injured while 39 other occupants were killed. The only survivor died from his injuries few hours later.

Douglas DC-4

On final approach to runway 23, while at a height of 500 meters and with an indicated speed of 160 km/h about 500 meters from the runway threshold, the flight engineer reported to the captain that flaps were selected to 3/4 and that the speed was a bit low. The captain did not react and continued the approach in such configuration. Once the aircraft passed over the perimeter road, the captain ordered full flaps and throttle down. The engineer then selected full flaps and slowly retarded the power lever when the aircraft lost height, hit tree tops and hit the ground 175 meters short of the runway threshold. It rolled for several yards and hit a ditch before coming to rest. While all 27 occupants were evacuated safely, the aircraft was considered as damaged beyond repair due to severe structural damages.

Douglas DC-6

The crew was engaged in a local training flight on this brand new aircraft that was delivered to KLM last April 22. After several touch and goes completed without any issues, the instructor decided to perform a takeoff with the engine number one voluntarily inoperative. Ready for departure on runway 23, the crew increased power on all four engines and started the takeoff procedure. At a speed of 137 km/h, the captain started the rotation and the nose wheel left the ground. At a speed of 169 km/h, the instructor decided to reduce the power on the engine number one and pull the power lever to the back. At this moment, the aircraft was still on the ground and slightly deviated from the runway center line to the left. The captain tried to counteract this with the tail when the right main gear left the ground. Due to the presence of obstacles ahead, the instructor decided to increase power on the engine number one that oversped. The left wing dropped and hit a rocky wall, causing the aircraft to stall and crash into a ditch. All five crew members were injured while the aircraft was destroyed.

Consolidated Canso

Crashed into the sea shortly after takeoff from the bay of Poso. All 13 occupants were rescued while the seaplane sank and was lost.

Douglas C-47 Skytrain (DC-3)

Shortly after takeoff from Bandung-Andir Airport, while climbing in stormy weather, the crew informed ground that an engine failed. While trying to return, the pilot lost control of the aircraft that dove into the ground and crashed in a huge explosion into a wooded ravine located near Padalarang, about 10 km northwest of Bandung Airport. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all 19 occupants were killed, among them 11 soldiers and four members of a music ensemble.

Douglas C-47 Skytrain (DC-3)

While approaching Leeuwarden, the crew encountered poor weather conditions with heavy rain falls and a cloud base at 100 meters. Unable to locate the airport, the captain decided to make a go around and increased engine power. Shortly later, while flying over the city of Leeuwarden, the aircraft hit with its left wing the church of Saint Bonifatius which is 70 meters high. Three meters of the left wing were sheared off. The captain reduced his altitude in an attempt to make an emergency landing and completed a belly landing in a field. The aircraft skidded for several yards and hit three successive ditches before coming to rest with both propellers sheared off. All 15 occupants were unhurt while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Douglas DC-3

Less than one minute after takeoff from Kastrup Airport, while climbing to a height of 200 feet with a 40 km/h wind from the northeast, the aircraft nosed down and crashed in a huge explosion in a snow covered field located 1,000 meters from the airport. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire and all 22 occupants were killed, among them Prince Gustaf Adolf of Sweden, grandson of the King Gustaf V, and the US singer Grace Moore. Crew: G. J. Geysendorffer, pilot, G. J. Rietman, copilot, S. M. A. Pijnenburg, radio operator, W. Brandenburg, radio operator, W. A. van Bommel, flight engineer, H. Hoek, steward.

Douglas C-47 Skytrain (DC-3)

On approach to Amsterdam-Schiphol Airport, the crew was forced to make a go around due to poor visibility caused by night and bad weather conditions. A second attempt to land was abandoned as well. During the third attempt to land, the captain realized that his position to the runway was wrong and made a sharp turn to the left when the aircraft hit the runway surface and burst into flames. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire and all 26 occupants were killed.

Douglas C-47 Skytrain (DC-3)

The aircraft entered the London Control Zone when QBI conditions (compulsory IFR conditions) were in force. When the pilot estimated that he flew over the Croydon MF beacon, he had actually passed it two or three minutes earlier. He continued to fly on a westerly course for three or four minutes until receiving instructions that he was next to land, and that the landing direction was 120 degrees M. The aircraft then began to descend again and after receiving several QDM's the pilot turned on to the course for Croydon. The pilot levelled out at an indicated altitude of 1,200 feet and the undercarriage was lowered. Almost immediately after, whilst still flying in cloud, the aircraft struck the tops of trees and crashed. The pilot had set the altimeter to the sea level pressure instead of airfield pressure. Consequently the aircraft's height would be about 230 feet lower than that indicated by the altimeter. Source: http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19461106-0

Lockheed 14 Super Electra

Ten minutes after take off from Port of Spain-Piarco Airport, while climbing in marginal weather conditions, the twin engine aircraft went out of control and crashed in a wooded area located few km from the airport. The aircraft christened 'Parkiet' was destroyed on impact and all thirteen occupants were killed. Crew: P. Badings, pilot, N. H. de Bruyn, flight engineer, C. van Oyen, radio operator. Passengers: A. C. Alwart, P. van Eeten, O. Elmont, K. Hakhof, H. Kinds, P. M. Mosterdijk, G. E. van Notten, W. A. Verboog, L. A. Vijzelman, M. Waaldijk.

Koolhoven FK.43

The crew was performing a training mission. In unknown circumstances, the single engine aircraft went out of control and crashed in a field, killing all three occupants, two student pilots and an instructor.

Lockheed 14 Super Electra

The crew was engaged in a training mission around Amsterdam-Schiphol Airport. Shortly after takeoff from runway 01/19, while climbing, the twin engine aircraft christened 'Ekster' stalled and crashed in flames in a garden located some 1,500 metres from runway end. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and post crash fire. All four crew were killed. Delivered last 15 of March, it totalized 323 flying hours. Crew: Arie van der Sijde, instructor, Cornelius Menne Schreij, pilot, Antony Albert Garrit Bekking, flight engineer, Karl Leo Hans Jaedicke, radio operator.

Douglas DC-3

On approach to Amsterdam-Schiphol Airport by night, the aircraft christened 'Ijsvogel' hit the ground at full power, slid for 125 meters and came to rest on across a ditch. The aircraft was destroyed, four crew members and two passengers were killed while all 13 other occupants were injured. Crew: J. J. E. Duimelaar, pilot, † A. van Gemeren, copilot, † A. J. van Huut, engineer, † C. J. W. Surber, radio operator, † B. Eys, steward. Passengers: R. G. Clyman, W. A. Fairclough, L. St. C. Ingrams, J. Miller, M. Schneider Desnitzky-Kirchbach, † A. Silberstein, M. Silberstein, I. V. Weideman, P. O. H. Weideman, B. Weideman-Marx, † F. Winter, M. Winter, F. Zimmerman.

Koolhoven FK.43

The crew was performing a training flight. Shortly after takeoff from Groningen-Eelde airport, while climbing to a height of some 15 meters, the crew initiated a sharp turn when the single engine aircraft stalled and crashed in a field. Both occupants were unhurt while the aircraft was destroyed.

Douglas DC-3

Shortly after takeoff from Palembang-Talang Airport, while in initial climb, the left engine failed. Crew decided to return for a safe landing but the aircraft hit tree tops, stalled and crashed near the airport. The cockpit was destroyed and separated from the rest of the aircraft, killing three crew. A passenger was killed as well. The aircraft was christened 'Specht'. Crew: F.M. Stork, pilot, † H.J. Groeneveld, copilot, J. J. Ruben, engineer, † J. J. Stodieck, radio. †

Douglas DC-2

Less than five minutes after takeoff from Brussels-Haren Airport, while climbing to a height of some 1,200 feet, aircraft went out of control and crashed in flames in a wheat field located 300 metres from Brages' station. All 15 occupants were killed. The aircraft was christened 'Flamingo'. Crew: Cornelius Theo Regnerus Steensma, pilot, Bernardus Ludekuize, radio navigator, Gerardus Geering, engineer, Martha Johanna van der Laan, stewardess. Passengers: A. Bloem, W. Canton, M. Goldbloom, B. F. Mun, N. Nathans, C. Tondreau, R. Tondreau-Tollenaere, R. Trillo, F. Wetzlar, H. Wapperom, G. Whitehouse.

Douglas DC-3

The aircraft was on a delivery flight to the Dutch National Company based in Amsterdam and should be flown from Long Beach to New York with intermediate stops in Phoenix and Kansas City. While proceeding in poor weather conditions, aircraft hit Baldy Peak located some 250 km northeast of Phoenix. All eight occupants were killed.

Douglas DC-2

The airport of Croydon was shrouded in fog with visibility fluctuating at around 50 meters and all aircraft were operating under so-called "QBI" (a Q code denoting that all operations have to be performed under instrument flight rules) conditions. Crews were following a white line laid out approximately East-West on the grass surface of Croydon's landing area during their take-off runs (a normal procedure at several airports in the United Kingdom at the time, that had been in use at Croydon since 1931). A number of departures by this method had already been made that day by the time the KLM DC-2 took off, including a Swissair DC-2 about 25 minutes beforehand. The KLM DC-2 christened 'Lijster' started its takeoff run along the white line but after about 200 yards (183 m), it veered off the line to the left and on becoming airborne headed south towards rising ground instead of in the normal westerly direction. After flying over the southern boundary of the airport, the aircraft hit the chimney of a house on Hillcrest Road, Purley, then crashed into an empty house on the opposite side of the street. The aircraft, the house and an adjoining house (also empty at the time) were destroyed in the crash and ensuing fire. One passenger and the stewardess survived while all 15 other occupants were killed, among them Admiral Salomon Arvid Achates Lindmann, former Prime Minister of Sweden, and Juan de la Cierva y Cordoniu, the inventor of the Autogyro in 1923 and the vertical takeoff in 1934. At this time, this accident was considered as the worst air crash in the UK in terms of the number of fatalities. Crew: Ludwig Hautzmayer, pilot, Pieter Cornelis van Bemmel Valentijn, radio operator, Jaap Verkerk, flight engineer, Hilde Bongertman, stewardess.

Fokker F7

As the weather conditions were deteriorating, the board of the Dutch National Company KLM decided to move the aircraft that was parked in Haamsted to a safe place and ask three technicians to do so. During taxiing, the aircraft was caught by strong winds and eventually went out of control before coming to rest upside down. While all three occupants were unhurt, the aircraft christened 'Zwaluw' was damaged beyond repair.

Koolhoven FK.43

The pilot, sole on board, was completing a training mission in Amsterdam-Schiphol Airport. While on approach, the single engine aircraft collided in unknown circumstances with a Fokker C.1 whose identity remains unknown. The Koolhoven went out of control and crashed in a field, killing the pilot.

Douglas DC-2

The aircraft christened 'Gaai' left Milan Airport at 1156LT bound for Frankfurt. While overflying Ticino at the altitude of 5,000 meters, crew encountered poor weather with severe icing conditions. The aircraft lost height and while crossing the last cloud layer, the captain decided to make an emergency landing when the aircraft hit tree tops and crashed near Pian Giacomo, some 8 km north of Mesocco, Graubünden. The stewardess was found seriously injured but she died shortly later. Nobody survived the crash.

Douglas DC-2

During the takeoff run at Bushehr Airport, after traveling a distance of some 300 meters and running at a speed of 120 km/h, the aircraft christened 'Maraboe' hit an unevenness on the runway surface. The right main gear broke off and a fuel line was cut. The aircraft went out of control, swerved on runway and eventually came to rest in flames. All 11 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was destroyed by fire.

Fokker F22

Three minutes after takeoff, while in initial climb, both left engines lost power. Captain decided to return to Schiphol Airport but during last turn, the aircraft stalled and crashed in flames on an embankment along the A4 highway. Four crew members, among them Captain H. Silberstein, and two passengers (Mr. Hodson & Newman) were killed, while all 14 other occupants were injured. Crew: Heinz Silberstein, pilot, G. F. Nieboer, radio, G. Brom, engineer, L. J. van Dijk, engineer, J. Haberer, steward.

Fokker F12

The three engine aircraft christened 'Leeuwerik' left Leipzig-Halle Airport at 1314LT with a crew of five and two passengers on board. At 1435LT, the radio navigator informed ground about his position some 10 km north of Kassel. Five minutes later, while cruising at a height of 1,000 meters, he contacted again the ground to inform about poor weather conditions and low visibility caused by snow falls. He also requested for weather forecast in Essen, the next stop before Amsterdam. Captain decided to reduce his altitude to 450 meters and completed two successive turns when the aircraft hit the side of a hilly terrain located some 15 km east of Brilon. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and post crash fire, and all seven occupants were killed. Crew: P. Soer, pilot, E. A. J. Prillwitz, copilot, P. Welman, H. Wingelaar. Th. J. van den Klein, engineer. Passengers: H. L. A. Briel, W. de Vlugt.

Douglas DC-2

The crew departed Cairo-Almaza Airport at 2330LT bound for Baghdad. While overflying the Iraqi Desert at night, the crew encountered poor weather conditions and decided to divert to Rutbah Wells. On approach, the aircraft was at full power when it impacted the ground in a 17° right bank angle and 12° nose down attitude. The aircraft crashed and exploded some 16 km from the Rutbah Wells Airfield. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all seven occupants were killed. Crew: Wilhelm Marie Okko Anne Beekman, pilot, Jan Johannes van Steenbergen, copilot, Hendrik Abraham Waalewijn, engineer, Gysbert van Zadelhoff, radio navigator. Passengers: Dominique Willem Berretty, E. W. Walch, Jacob Thymen Kort.

Koolhoven FK.43

The crew was performing a round training flight from Amsterdam-Schiphol Airport with stops in De Kooy and Groningen. Shortly after takeoff from Groningen-Eelde Airport, while climbing to a height of 150 metres, the crew made a turn to the left when it lost control of the aircraft that stalled and crashed in a field. While both occupants were slightly injured, the aircraft named 'Luis' was destroyed.

Fokker F7

The aircraft was carrying three passengers, a crew of four and 209 kilos of mail. Two takeoff attempts were rejected because the aircraft was too heavy. In such conditions, the captain decided to start the takeoff roll from a further point at the airport. On the third attempt, after a course of 1,500 metres, the aircraft impacted a dirt bank. The undercarriage were torn off and the airplane crashed. The radio operator was seriously injured and all six other occupants were killed. Crew: Thaeke Wiersma, pilot, Jan van Onlangs, copilot, G. van Zadelhoff, radio operator, J. F. W. O. Kotte, mechanic.

Fokker F9

Shortly after takeoff from Rotterdam-Waalhaven Airport, bound for Amsterdam-Schiphol, the crew encountered technical problems with the engine n°1. The captain decided to return to the airport when the engine n°3 lost power. On final approach, at a speed of 100 km/h, the airplane lost height and impacted a 7 metres high light pole, causing the left wing to be partially torn off. The airplane stalled and crashed on a railway line. All 13 passengers evacuated safely while both crew members were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.

Fokker F7

About one hour and 30 minutes after takeoff from Istanbul-Yesilköy Airport, bound for Aleppo, the left engine failed. The crew decided to return to Istanbul but the visibility was poor due to fog. While attempting an emergency landing, the aircraft hit trees and crashed in bushes south of Yesilköy Airfield. While the copilot and the engineer were slightly injured, the captain was unhurt. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Fokker F3

The aircraft was completing a local sightseeing flight over the area of Rotterdam, carrying one pilot and five female passengers. Shortly after takeoff from Waalhaven Airport, while climbing to a height of 150 metres, the airplane stalled and crashed in the harbor of Waalhaven. A lady was killed while five other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.

Fokker F8

Following an uneventful flight from Malmö with an intermediate stop in Hamburg, the crew started the descent to Schiphol Airport when the right engine failed at a height of 150-200 meters. The pilot tried to maintain a safe altitude on one engine but he should eventually resign himself to make an emergency landing. On final, while trying to increase power on the left engine, the aircraft rolled to the left and hit the ground before coming to rest in an field. While all 11 occupants were injured, the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Fokker F8

Ten minutes after takeoff from Croydon Airport, while approaching Sevenoaks, the pilot encountered severe vibrations when the aircraft sharply banked to the right. He elected to trim the aircraft without success. The twin engine machine stalled and crashed in a wooded area located in Sevenoaks. The flight engineer J. Brunklaus was killed while all 10 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.

Fokker F7

While overflying Pas-de-Calais below the cloud layer, the pilot encountered technical problems and attempted to make an emergency landing in a prairie. On final, he cut the engine when the aircraft impacted the roof of a metallic shed and crashed into trees. While all eight occupants were uninjured, the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Fokker F7

While descending to Brussels-Zavantem Airport, the pilot encountered poor weather conditions with fog and rain falls. The visibility was reduced and while performing a right turn at low height, the aircraft impacted the ground with its right wing and crashed in a field located in Wolvertem, some 12 km northwest of Zavantem Airport. Both occupants were killed. Crew: A. C. de Vree, pilot. Passenger: W. Hepner.

Fokker F7

While overflying The Channel and approaching the British coast, the engine failed. The pilot was able to ditch the airplane few dozen metres offshore. All five occupants evacuated safely and were quickly rescued by local people who brang the aircraft back to the beach. The aircraft was later considered as damaged beyond repair.

Fokker F3

During the takeoff roll, the aircraft struck an irregularity in the ground and rotated prematurely. Unable to get sufficient height due to low speed, the aircraft stalled and crashed. All three occupants evacuated safely and the aircraft was considered as damaged beyond repair.

Fokker F3

Shortly after takeoff from Hamburg Airport in poor weather conditions, the pilot was forced to make an emergency landing in an open field after the rudder broke. While all three occupants were uninjured, the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.